![]() Cinq études de bruits premiered via a radio broadcast on October 5, 1948, called Concert de bruits ( Noise Concert). The piece was derived entirely from recorded noise sounds that were not musical, thus a realization of Russolo's conviction that noise could be an acceptable source of music. Etude aux Chemins de Fer consisted of a set of recordings made at the train station Gare des Batignolles in Paris that included six steam locomotives whistling and trains accelerating and moving over the tracks. Pierre Schaeffer's musique concrète 1948 compositions Cinq études de bruits ( Five Noise Studies), that began with Etude aux Chemins de Fer ( Railway Study) are key to this history. Varèse thought that "to stubbornly conditioned ears, anything new in music has always been called noise", and he posed the question: "what is music but organized noises?" In the 1920s, the French composer Edgard Varèse, when New York Dada associated via Marcel Duchamp and Francis Picabia's magazine 391, conceived of the elements of his music in terms of sound-masses writing in the first half of the 1920s, Offrandes, Hyperprism, Octandre, and Intégrales. The Futurist art movement (with most notably Luigi Russolo's Intonarumori and L'Arte dei Rumori ( The Art of Noises) manifesto) was important for the development of the noise aesthetic, as was the Dada art movement (a prime example being the Antisymphony concert performed on April 30, 1919, in Berlin). ![]() In many instances, conventional use of melody, harmony, rhythm or pulse is dispensed with. More generally noise music may contain aspects such as improvisation, extended technique, cacophony and indeterminacy. There may also be emphasis on high volume levels and lengthy, continuous pieces. It may incorporate live machine sounds, non-musical vocal techniques, physically manipulated audio media, processed sound recordings, field recording, computer-generated noise, stochastic process, and other randomly produced electronic signals such as distortion, feedback, static, hiss and hum. Noise music can feature acoustically or electronically generated noise, and both traditional and unconventional musical instruments. Noise music includes a wide range of musical styles and sound-based creative practices that feature noise as a primary aspect. This type of music tends to challenge the distinction that is made in conventional musical practices between musical and non-musical sound. ![]() Noise music is a genre of music that is characterised by the expressive use of noise within a musical context.
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